Polanskis Interpretations of Shakespeares Macbeth Essay Example

Polanskis Interpretations of Shakespeares Macbeth Paper Polanskis film version of Macbeth is interesting when studied closely. It contains a lot of references to themes in the play, but also illustrates Polanskis own interpretation of the play. Polanski made a few noticeable changes when converting text to film, with some scenes being added to the film and others being left out of the film version. I will attempt to demonstrate the ideas and thoughts behind this particular version of Macbeth and in doing so I hope to intensify my own viewing experience. A good way of improving a films effect is to analyse the different scenes and find some hidden interpretations and effects. The film begins with a scene that was not in the original text, but was added by Polanski. It starts with a hazy, foggy beach, and we can hear the waves against the shore, giving us an idea of the surroundings. The witches slowly appear from this fog as the camera pans out. Once they reach the foreground, they begin to dig a hole in the sand. Once the hole is complete, they place in it a severed forearm clutching a dagger, along with a hangmans noose. The severed hand has many opportunities for interpretations, but it seems to symbolise murder more than anything else. The dagger itself is a tool for murder, and the arm is gruesomely detached from its owner, so is, in a way, connected with murder. The hangmans noose is another murder tool but also carries with it the theme of justice, as it was used as a form of punishment. We will write a custom essay sample on Polanskis Interpretations of Shakespeares Macbeth specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Polanskis Interpretations of Shakespeares Macbeth specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Polanskis Interpretations of Shakespeares Macbeth specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Then, the witches pour blood over the murder ensemble as if to complete a spell. After filling the hole, they fade out in to the background, much the same way as their entrance. The use of blood so early on in the play is intriguing, as this image recurs a lot throughout Shakespeares text version. The witches appearance is anything but glamorous. There are three, each seeming to differ in age. There is the younger one, a more middle-aged one and the last seems to be an old crone. The witches clothes are made of rags, leading us to believe that they are not associated with normal society. After this added scene, the film moves on to the battle report, and following that, we see Macbeth on the Scottish moors. This is the stage in the text where he meets the witches for the first time. The scene in the film is accompanied by a depressing bagpipe tune which places an uncertainty in to the viewers mind. The first soliloquy of the film is shown as a close-up of Macbeth. The speech is presented as a voiceover. I think Polanski uses this method of presenting the soliloquy because it shows that Macbeth is actually thinking the words and not saying them. This is not the case in most stage productions as voiceovers are difficult in front of a live audience. This method enhances the atmosphere of the play and makes it seem more realistic. Going back to the subject of the witches, Macbeth meets them again in Act IV, but extra witches have been added to the scene. This makes the whole thing seem like some sort of ceremony or celebration. One interesting aspect of this scene is that none of the witches are wearing clothes. They are all completely naked. This portrays a sense of poverty, but also puts across the theme of the super-natural. When Macbeth arrives at this congregation of witches, they are concocting a potion, which he duly drinks. This leads to the visions of apparitions, the eight kings. As Macbeth sinks into a dream world, the camera spins around him in a wild fashion, making it look like Macbeth is extremely dizzy. This nudity is also shown by Lady Macbeth when she goes mad, which may mean that Polanski saw Lady Macbeth as being linked with the witches somehow. Also, Lady Macbeth tends to speak of evil throughout the text. The film, of course, is full of supernatural references. It both begins and ends with witches (which are both scenes added by Polanski). There are also many other references to the supernatural elements, which include the apparitions that appear before Macbeth, and the Ghost of Banquo that appears in the banquet scene. The banquet scene is done very well in the play, especially with the appearance of Banquos Ghost. The audience can see the ghost, as can Macbeth, but the guests sitting around the table act innocent. The audience then feels the same perplexity as Macbeth, and the truth is only exposed as Macbeth realises the truth. When Macbeth gets a closer look at the Ghost of Banquo, the camera also pans in for a close up. The audience gets a chance to witness the brutality of Banquos injuries, and this intensifies the atmosphere of the scene. Macbeth now realises that it is in fact a ghost that stands before him. His reaction to this information is brilliantly shown, and makes the scene look much more realistic. One scene I thought was shown inadequately was the soliloquy scene in which Macbeth decides to assassinate Duncan. The dagger involved in this scene (Macbeth visualises a dagger and this then influences his decision to kill Duncan) is extremely poorly portrayed. Even though the film was made in 1971, the technology used to generate the dagger was dreadfully utilised. The scene would have looked much better had it not contained a dagger at all. If Macbeth had pretended to see a dagger (which the audience would not see) then the tension would have been increased. The scene would have a peculiar and eerie appearance to it as Macbeth seems to be interacting with thin air. The audience would soon recognize that there is actually a dagger in Macbeths mind and once this is realised, Macbeth would have decided to kill Duncan. This would have made the scene a lot better, compared to the superimposed dagger that was originally used. In my opinion, I think Polanskis film version of Macbeth is very well produced. It has its faults, which can be more or less put down to the available technology. The supernatural effects in the film are shown in a way that captivates the audience and increases the atmosphere of the play. His version, as a conversion from the text, is brilliant in its content. He brings in nearly all of the scenes from the text, and adds more of his own, to great effect.

Prevention and Control of Obesity Essays - Bariatrics, Lactones

Prevention and Control of Obesity Essays - Bariatrics, Lactones Prevention and Control of Obesity. Reduction of energy intake by dietary modification, and using conventional foods. Behaviour modification associated with eating habits and activity pattern. Increase energy expenditure by increasing physical activities and decreasing physical activity . Involvement of the family in the process of change . . CPG Prevention of Obesity (Tips for parents) Respect your child's appetite: children do not need to finish every bottle or meal. Avoid pre-prepared and sugared foods when possible. Limit the amount of high-calorie foods kept in the home. Provide a healthy diet, with 30 percent or fewer calories derived from fat. Provide ample fiber in the child's diet. Skimmed milk may safely replace whole milk at 2 years of age. Do not provide food for comfort or as a reward. Do not offer sweets in exchange for a finished meal. Limit amount of television viewing and computer games. Encourage active play. Establish regular family activities such as walks, ball games and other outdoor activities. Medication to treat obesity Orlistat (Xenical) reduces intestinal fat absorption by inhibiting pancreatic lipase. Sibutramine (Meridia) acts in the brain to inhibit deactivation of the neurotransmitters, thereby decreasing appetite . Appetite suppressants that act on one or more neurotransmitters . Phendimetrazine .

Crusades Effects on the Middle East

Crusades Effects on the Middle East Between 1095 and 1291, Christians from western Europe launched a series of eight major invasions against the Middle East. These attacks, called the Crusades, were aimed at liberating the Holy Land and Jerusalem from Muslim rule. The Crusades were sparked by religious fervor in Europe, by exhortations from various Popes, and by the need to rid Europe of excess warriors left over from regional wars. What effect did these attacks, which came from out of the blue from the perspective of Muslims and Jews in the Holy Land, have on the Middle East? Short-Term Effects In an immediate sense, the Crusades had a terrible effect on some of the Muslim and Jewish inhabitants of the Middle East. During the First Crusade, for example, adherents of the two religions joined together to defend the cities of Antioch (1097 CE) and Jerusalem (1099) from European Crusaders who laid siege to them. In both cases, the Christians sacked the cities and massacred the Muslim and Jewish defenders alike. It must have been horrifying to see armed bands of religious zealots approaching to attack a city or castle. However, as bloody as the battles could be, on the whole, the people of the Middle East considered the Crusades more of an irritant than an existential threat. A Global Trade Power During the Middle Ages, the Islamic world was a global center of trade, culture, and learning. Arab Muslim traders dominated the rich trade in spices, silk, porcelain, and jewels that flowed between China, the area that is now Indonesia, India,​ and points west. Muslim scholars had preserved and translated the great works of science and medicine from classical Greece and Rome, combined that with insights from the ancient thinkers of India and China, and went on to invent or improve subjects like algebra and astronomy, and medical innovations such as the hypodermic needle. Europe, on the other hand, was a war-torn region of small, feuding principalities, mired in superstition and illiteracy. One of the primary reasons that Pope Urban II initiated the First Crusade (1096–1099), in fact, was to distract the Christian rulers and nobles of Europe from fighting one another by creating a common enemy for them- the Muslims who controlled the Holy Land. Europes Christians would launch seven additional crusades over the next two hundred years, but none was as successful as the First Crusade. One effect of the Crusades was the creation of a new hero for the Islamic world: Saladin, the Kurdish sultan of Syria and Egypt, who in 1187 freed Jerusalem from the Christians but refused to massacre them as they had done to the citys Muslim and Jewish citizens ninety years previously. On the whole, the Crusades had little immediate effect on the Middle East, in terms of territorial losses or psychological impact. By the 1200s, people in the region were much more concerned about a new threat: the quickly-expanding Mongol Empire, which would bring down the Umayyad Caliphate, sack Baghdad, and push toward Egypt. Had the Mamluks not defeated the Mongols in the Battle of Ayn Jalut (1260), the entire Muslim world might have fallen. Effects on Europe In the centuries that followed, it was actually Europe that was most changed by the Crusades. The Crusaders brought back exotic new spices and fabrics, fueling European demand for products from Asia. They also brought back new ideas- medical knowledge, scientific ideas, and more enlightened attitudes about people of other religious backgrounds. These changes among the nobility and soldiers of the Christian world helped to spark the Renaissance and eventually set Europe, the backwater of the Old World, on a course toward global conquest. Long-Term Effects of the Crusades on the Middle East Eventually, it was Europes rebirth and expansion that finally created a Crusader effect in the Middle East. As Europe asserted itself during the fifteenth through nineteenth centuries, it forced the Islamic world into a secondary position, sparking envy and reactionary conservatism in some sectors of the formerly more progressive Middle East. Today, the Crusades constitute a major grievance for some people in the Middle East, when they consider relations with Europe and the West. That attitude is not unreasonable- after all, European Christians launched two hundred years-worth of unprovoked attacks on the Middle East out of religious zealotry and blood-lust. 21st Century Crusade In 2001, United States President George W. Bush reopened the almost thousand-year-old wound in the days following the 9/11 Attacks. On Sunday, September 16, 2001, President Bush said, this crusade, this war on terrorism, is going to take a while. The reaction in the Middle East and, interestingly, also in Europe was sharp and immediate: Commentators in both regions decried Bushs use of that term  and vowed that the terrorist attacks and the USs reaction could not turn into a new clash of civilizations like the medieval Crusades. In an odd way, however, the American reaction to 9/11 did echo the Crusades. The Bush administration decided to launch the Iraq War, despite the fact that Iraq had nothing to do with the 9/11 attacks. Just as the first several crusades had done, this unprovoked attack killed thousands of innocents in the Middle East  and perpetuated the cycle of mistrust that had developed between the Muslim and Christian worlds since Pope Urban urged the European knights to liberate the Holy Land from the Saracens. Sources and Further Reading Claster, Jill N. Sacred Violence: The European Crusades to the Middle East, 1095-1396. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2009.Kà ¶hler, Michael. Alliances and Treaties between Frankish and Muslim Rulers in the Middle East: Cross-Cultural Diplomacy in the Period of the Crusades. Trans. Holt, Peter M. Leiden: Brill, 2013.  Holt, Peter M. The Age of the Crusades: The Near East from the Eleventh Century to 1517. London: Routledge, 2014.

Quantitative 1 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Quantitative 1 - Assignment Example research study will be based where the aim of the study is to determine the extent to which quantitative research is appropriate and robust in its application to the human and social context. There are different reasons that have been postulated for the conclusion that quantitative research is appropriate and robust when applied to human and social context including the nature of quantitative research (Fassinger & Morrow, 2013, 70). This is the use of models and a scientific methodology that ensures the data or results from the research are objective and there is no personal relation or biasness by the researcher attributed to the lack of association of the researcher to the participants. This is different from qualitative researcher where objectivity is lost from the high association of the researcher with the participants. This allows quantitative research to be preferred and appropriate for human and social sciences research. The ability of getting the one truth that exists in the human perception under investigation is the main reason for the preference of quantitative research as it maintains this objectivity. The other reason for the assertion is the possibility of replicating the results of quantitative research when conducted by different personnel (Bless et al., 2006). Different researchers can be able to come up with the same results as a measure of confirming the results made by previous research is consistent. This is due to the making of the same assumptions in the research and the use of a predetermined format and well laid out methodology in carrying out sampling, data collection, and analysis. This is not possible in qualitative research due to the possibility of different researchers making different assumptions and using different analysis or being biased. There is a clear specification of the dependent and independent variables in quantitative research study of social and human context. This allows for the better understanding of causality

Banking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Banking - Essay Example Mark Angelo, to repay the debt as well as his net asset value, in addition to the assets which Mr. Mark Angelo can offer to the bank as security against the debt . Financial Statement Analysis The financial statement analysis of Mark Equipment Pty Ltd for the present and the past year reveals the following ratios. The examination of the short-term liquidity of an organization can be accomplished through the current ratio, quick ratio and the cash ratio of the organization. The current ratio signifies the organization’s capability to meet its current liabilities and obligations comfortably. The quick ratio exhibits the capacity to meet the urgent liabilities. The cash ratio is beneficial for creditors to determine how quickly the organization can pay off its short-term debt . In this context, it can be observed that the company’s liquidity position had improved from that of the previous year, but it would be preferable if Mark Equipment Pty Ltd could increase the percentage of their current assets. The solvency of an organization can be evaluated through the debt to equity ratio. The debt to equity ratio signifies the amount of assets that were financed by debt relative to the amount financed by equity . Thus, Mark Equipment Pty Ltd had utilized comparatively lesser amount to debt to finance its assets and is less financially leveraged. The profitability of the company as indicated by the net profit margin and the return of equity as well as that on assets is very low. Therefore, it can be inferred that the company had not utilized its assets and equity proficiently4. In contrast the gross profit margin of the company is very high, implying that the company’s operating expenses are elevated. The fixed asset turnover ratio of the company indicates that it generates fairly decent value of revenue per unit currency of its fixed assets5. However, the total asset and the equity turnover ratios of the company are relatively low and have also decreased from the previous year. Consequently, the financial analysis reveals that though the company possesses decen t values of revenue as well as gross profit and

American poet Jack Kerouac Essay Example for Free

American poet Jack Kerouac Essay American poet Jack Kerouac has been classified as the originator of the Beat Generation. He is known for his spontaneous confessional style, as well as his connection to Buddhism, Allen Ginsberg, and American self actualization. His rejection of mainstream 1950’s society is his trademark, and the core ideal behind the beat-nick culture he helped spawn. Jack Kerouac was born Jean-Louis Lebris de Kerouac, to French-Canadian parents, in Lowell, Massachusetts. Kerouac was raised fluent in French, and didn’t start learning English until he was six years old. While attending Boston College and Columbia University, he demonstrated extraordinary athletic ability in the game of football, until he broke his leg. After losing his football scholarship, Keroauc moved to New York. There he met the makeup of the group that would later be known as The Beat Generation poets. This group consisted of: John Clellon Holmes, Allen Ginsberg, Neal Cassady, William S. Burroughs and Herbert Huncke. He left the company of these men to join the United States Navy in 1943, from which he was discharged during WWII, for the psychiatric measure of having an indifferent disposition. This is suspected by many to be the spark that inspired him to write his first work The Town and City, as well as On The Road. Many of Kerouac’s works were often rejected upon first submission to publishers. He was often overlooked, due to his experimental style, and socially conscious views. Not to forget, his excessive tendency towards drinking. This obsession with alcoholism is eventually the cause of his death in 1969, when he dies of internal hemorrhaging due to cirrhosis. Jack Kerouac has a very distinct and original style. Upon first evaluation of his style, his work might be deemed as cliche, or showy self loathing libation; but it must be remembered that, Kerouac was one of the first to adopt his free flowing form of poetry. He is also noted for connecting his poetry to the beat-nick poets. Kerouac is most commonly referred to as the King of the Beats and the Father of the Hippies. This is largely due with the fact that his poetry is most immediately inspired by Jazz music, specifically bebop by Thelonius Monk, Dizzy Gillespie, and Charlie Parker. He compiled this Jazz influence with a love of Buddhist studies, specifically Gary Snyder. The name he dubbed his new found form is Spontaneous Prose. It is often compared to the literary technique known as stream of consciousness, which is often deemed as a literary mirror of a writer’s thought process. While writing, Kerouac took the first thought or line that came to his mind and went with it. This technique is most recognizable in his novels Visions of Cody, Big Sur, Visions of Gerard, On the Road, and The Subterraneans. The core concept this method revolved around is a breathing technique very similar to that of Jazz, or Buddhist meditation. It is most evidently represented by a dash mark in place of a period. The practice of improvising words based on implied or inherently inferred meanings was another aspect of Spontaneous Prose. . The core concept this method revolved around is a breathing technique very similar to that of Jazz, or Buddhist meditation. In his statement on Belief Technique For Modern Prose, in his top five pieces of advice Kerouac says, 1. Scribble secret notebooks, and wild typewritten pages, for yr own joy 2. Submissive to everything, open, listening 3. Try never get drunk outside yr own house 4. Be in love with yr life 5. Something that you feel will find its own form (Kerouac) This is more the literary technique of an experimental thinker than actual literary scholar, or poet, during this era. Despite this, his style later becomes the format taught to most contemporary writers aspiring to be professional. Kerouac never really edited his poetry. In fact, the majority of his work was edited by fellow Beat Generation pioneer Donald Merriam Allen, who also served as an editor for Ginsberg. Acclaimed photographer Robert Frank made a short film personifying many Beat ideals called Pull My Daisy, in which Kerouac is scene reading his work in the films opening. The film itself is also based a play written by Kerouac. The Beat Generation is an uprising that formed mostly on some of America’s best-known college campuses in the mid to late 50’s. It influenced students in the early 60’s to seek hard hitting answers to some of the complex questions posed to their generation. Addressing ideas like the coexistence of wealth and poverty, along side with racial prejudice resulted in the beat-nicks forming what would be considered the American New Left. An example of this is the Students for a Democratic Society (SDS); which founded at the University of Michigan in 1960, it became one of the key organizations formed in reaction to Beat ideals. The core belief of this student body was that Americans should practice direct democracy as apposed to representative democracy. This stemmed largely from the strict nature of Universities during that time in which students felt they were just numbers in a system dictating their existence. These students were also known for being supporters of the Black Power movement. These groups are also historic for being the most visible resource for developing protests against the Vietnam War. This New Left was the child that the Beat Generation gave birth to, and its influence on American culture can be credited for many of the sociological changes in our society today. Jack Kerouac, along with the rest of the beat-nick poets, can be credited as well. They were the flame that sparked this generational chain reaction. In sum, when I read Kerouac’s work, I can’t help but notice that many ways his style has been adopted by American culture. The ideal of the creative minded young artist bathing in libation and pondering death and social inadequacies is the main image adopted by the majority of Rock n Roll groups today. The majority of these bands probably don’t even know of Jack Kerouac. I’m not saying he was the first poet, or artist, to get drunk and create; but, I do acknowledge the ability of his free will to inspire so many others around him to create the cause to social change. He is pioneer and a leader, because he is fallowed beyond the grave. Work Cited Anderson, James C. Robert Frank. Microsoft Encarta 2006 [CD]. Redmond, WA: Microsoft Corporation, 2005. Jack Kerouac. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. 30 Jan 2007, 22:03 UTC. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 2 Feb 2007 http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jack_Kerouacoldid=104426491

Landscapes, Scale, and Government Policy :: Argumentative Persuasive Essays

Landscapes, Scale, and Government Policy The process of landscape change have finally caught the attention of the public and governments of the United States. Now that we are equipped with the knowledge that we must at least control our effects on landscapes, we should ensure that our policies are a reflection of informed and accurate decisions. This has been proven to be very difficult, as there are many factors that must be considered when addressing landscape change including issues of spatial and temporal scales of landscape processes. This type of scale is best described as the spatial or temporal dimension of a certain process (Turner, 2000). Scales may vary, ranging from the broad temporal and spatial scale of plate tectonics to the fine scale processes of insect herbivory. Landscape change has different effects along different levels of scale, and thus, should be treated similarly as well. These varying scales must be considered when drafting the many policies that contend with the changing landscapes in order to carry out a positive effect. Landscapes are controlled by dynamic variables across different scales that occur within the environment. Wildfires, herbivory, climate, and development, among others, all contribute to those transformations. These types of landscape disturbances can also occur across different scales, both spatial and temporal. Consider a small brush fire occurring in the backyard of a small residential neighborhood for a few hours before becoming extinguished by the local fire department. The spatial and temporal scales of this type of landscape disturbance are minimal. When compared to the Cerro Grande wildfires that occurred in New Mexico during May of 2000, the effects of the same type of disturbance are vastly different. As a result, the Cerro Grande Prescribe Fire had burned over 45,000 acres for almost 2 weeks and will have left the landscape in a dramatically different state (NPS, 2000). We can see the vastly different effects of each of the same disturbance on the landscape. These scaling effects may be applied to other types of landscape change as well. In many studies, landscape ecologists such as Monica Turner, Dean Urban, and J.A. Wiens are including issues of scale as an integral part of their research. It is now evident that "every change in scale [brings] with it changes in patterns and processes (Wiens, 1989.)" All landscapes are dynamic including anthropogenic landscapes.

Meanin of Life

Eric Boggs 10/29/2012 Martin Philosophy The meaning of life has been debated among many people throughout history. Different theories have been used to try and explain what our purpose is in this life. I’ve always heard from my parents that life is too short for regrets, and that there will be good and bad days. However what is it that people strive for in life? In reality there is no right answer to this simple question. Some people strive for living life in the moment which philosopher Baggini can agree with.Others see religion as an important way to lead their life’s as Pojman could agree with. Some like Camus believe its â€Å"humanly impossible† to find the meaning of life. Ultimately people must find it in themselves as to their purpose in this life. Julian Baggini speaks of our purpose in this life that is more appealing than Camus or Pojman. Baggini has a teleological view on life meaning our purpose is looking forward to future goals and objectives. Howe ver Baggini doesn’t mean that our purpose is to succeed presently avoiding personal happiness to achieve a better future.An example he mentions is when people say â€Å" I can die happy now† because a lifetime fulfillment has been achieved. What is the purpose of life after achieving a lifelong goal, and in reality Baggini essentially says â€Å"Why not†. There is nothing to live for and the feeling of emptiness settles in as nothing will satisfy that lifelong achievement. Baginni says â€Å" the person who sacrifices too much enjoyment of life to serve the purpose of future wealth and security is thus making the mistake of overestimating the extent to which is future life will be better than the one he could have now†.Most people strive for a rich and fashionable lifestyle, but at what cost is someone willing to make for it. Baggini says what about this rich lifestyle is different than a person who doesn’t have these luxuries. Just because someone has a lot of material happiness doesn’t mean that person is happier. In my view I believe Baggini has the closet view on the meaning of life because living life for a nice future while taking advantages of life’s luxuries presently is a meaningful way to live.Personally I’m not a deeply religious person, but I do know people who value religion and incorporate their views in their daily actions. Pojman argues that religion specifically theistic religion gives meaning to life. Pojman begins by defining what it means to be free and autonomous; he refers being autonomous as being â€Å"self-governed† or freedom to make your own choices. Pojman points out autonomy is good if it serves a purpose. Whether it is doing good or bad it still serves a purpose towards life. Pojman pointed out to key points an atheist women had mentioned to him in the past.One being it is more important to be free than autonomous, and the second point being â€Å"Religion provides a grand meaning or purpose to live, but it does not allow humans to be free or autonomous† according to the atheist women. Pojman argues freedom can’t be understood apart from the notion of purposiveness. Pojman states in order to be â€Å"free† one has to† Act A, when you want to, in order to reach some goal G†. However Pojman looked into the bigger picture as to what this atheist woman was stating. Pojman essentially contradicts her statement with reasoning.Pojman says freedom and autonomy are often distant from each other, but in theism it is bound together. Pojman way of defining the purpose of life wasn’t as appealing to me as Baggini. Religion does play a role in aspects of people’s lives just not enough in my opinion for it to matter. Camus had different views from Pojman and Baggini because he believed life was absurd and meaningless. Suicide was a prominent idea that Camus commonly spoke of. Camus states that suicide was implying you were confessing that â€Å"its not worth the trouble†.He used an example of a man who killed himself five years after his daughter had passed away. The man simply was to emotionally instable to return to his normal behaviors. Camus had also mentioned absurdity which he defined a split in a man and his overall life. Camus explained that daily routine like working several hours a week and doing the same thing everyday will eventually come to a halt. The question is why? Why do eventually want things to change after having a stable routine life.Camus says this is weariness which possibly leads to the idea of suicide. If something abruptly changes such as death there are two options he implies. One being able to recover what is lost, or the other is suicide. He uses the example of Sisyphus which is a god that was condemned to the underworld. Sisyphus pushes a huge stone to the top of this mountain only to roll back to the bottom to do the process from start. Camus implies tha t this is a usual aspect in people’s lives where being stable and having a routine is sustaining until it collapses.I feel Camus implies what is the point of living such a life if it’s inevitable that tragedy will likely occur. I’ve had friends commit suicide and I’ve have often wondered if there was anything I could have done about. In reality I looked at it from Camus point of view as it provided them a way out and essentially tell me life is not worth living. There in so plan that says how one should live, but merely a reason to find a way to live. Baggini viewed life mostly in the moment as long as happiness and future endeavors were balanced.Pojman had the idea that religion played an important role in one’s life while Camus thought in the end suicide seemed to be the right choice if life became too difficult. Baggini in my opinion had the closet way in interpreting the purpose of life. Baggini explains that happiness in the present with balan ced goals in the future should be a way someone should live. I certainly don’t want to wait ten years to live a rich lifestyle while family and friends slip away. Life is what one makes it, but the key is finding out what purpose do people find it.

Era of the Disposable Worker Essay

Today we find ourselves in a world of turmoil where employment is concerned. Many people find themselves forced to take part time positions at multiple establishments to â€Å"make ends meet†. In years past, loyalty and respect led the decisions of organizations and corporations. Today stock prices, profits and competition are the main consideration when managers and leaders make changes within a company. Is this the best way to guide the decision making process? What affects do small decisions have on a company as a whole? Individual Business Decisions In a weak economy many businesses find themselves struggling to stay competitively priced and still make a profit. In order to â€Å"keep the doors open† managers are faced with many tough decisions that sometimes lead to deterioration in working conditions for many employees. Managers must then implement planning, â€Å"a process that includes defining goals, establishing strategies, and developing plans to coordinate activities† (Robbins & Judge, 2013, p. 6). Many decisions they make affect conditions and attitudes of the employees of the organization. Reduction of work force causes employees to be on edge and many times make poor decisions for fear of losing their job. This can cause conflicts among workers and lead to less production for the company. Often times the business will choose to cut hours, making full time employees lose benefit eligibility. These decisions made by management can cause working conditions to deteriorate very quickly. Lack of hours, benefits, and conflict among workers causes stress and disturbances in the work place, leading to less than favorable conditions. Responsibility Based Decisions Organizations have a responsibility not only to employees but also to shareholders to be as profitable as possible in all economic conditions. These organizations are responsible for ensuring a safe work place for all employees. According to OSHA regulation a general business is responsible for maintaining conditions and implementing actions that are necessary to  produce a safe working environment for workers (Education Portal, 2003). The organization is not responsible for ensuring job security, full time hours or working conditions although these are considered ethical concerns for a company. The responsibility of an organization is to its shareholders, creditors and customers to offer the best price possible while still making an acceptable profit margin. Managers must ensure the ability to repay its debts as well as the ability to pay the employees to â€Å"keep the doors open† and the organization growing. This is why managements decisions are so prone to conflict and deteroration of working conditions. Alternate Decision Basis There are other factors that drive the decision making process of management other than stock price. The reputation of an organization and the foundational concept on which the business was built can affect the business decisions of a company and its management team. According to (Robbins & Judge) 2013, evidence-based management make managerial decisions based on the most current scientific evidence available. In a particular situation where a manager is faced with a decision, said manager would then research to find relavent evidence and apply that knowledge to make a decision. Intuition, or â€Å"a gut feeling not necessarily supported by research† (Robbins & Judge, 2013) is also a factor that drives the decisions made by organizational managers. Many times intuition is used to make decisions when time is a factor or when faced with an immediate need. Decision Impacts All decisions have an impact whether they be small or large depends on the situation. The economical slump or individual decision to increase the number of temporary employees rather than full time loyal employees has its affects. These temporary employees have no loyalty to the organization because they have no guarantee that they will continue to have a position. The concept of being loyal to your employer and taking pride in your job is being pushed farther into the distance with the new heavy usage of temporary workers. The work environment and profitabilty of many companies suffer due to the lack of concern and permanancy felt by the employees. â€Å"An organization’s employees can be the impetus for innovation and change, or they can be a major stumbling block† (Robbins & Judge, 2013). The ability  to measure this change in attitude and impact on employees from corporate decisions to downsize, impliment temporary workers, and make changes can be difficult. Managers and field supervisors should be aware of employee behavior and sudden changes in atmosphere during and after these changes have been made. Noticable changes or gaps in production, customer satisfaction and profits should also be a â€Å"red flag† to management that employees are being affected by recent decisions. Organizations must be aware of the decisions and the impacts that â€Å"the era of the disposable worker† can have on profits, work conditions, share prices, and employees. References Education Portal. (2003). Ensuring Workplace Safety. Retrieved from http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/osha-ensuring-workplace-safety.html#lesson Robbins, S., & Judge, T. (2013). Organizational behavior. (15th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall Publishing.

Linking Human Resource Management

Linking Human Resource Management Introduction The last few decades have witnessed the evolution of debates linking Human Resource Management (HRM) to organizational strategy. Decisions made by Human Resource Managers have notable influences on the performance of organizations. It is important to define the link between HRM and the wider organizational strategy.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Linking Human Resource Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This study tries to determine how organizations deal with HRM and relevant issues to the organizations’ approach to HRM. The study also seeks to examine possible links between HRM and wider organizational strategy, their rise and effects to the organization. For the research to meet its goals, the roles of HRM management in organizations and the organizations approaches to HRM issues will be discussed. The study will use St. James hospital a study case. Roles of Human Resource Management Human Resource Management (HRM) is an important discipline in all establishments. HRM concerns itself with the control of human resources to support organizational objectives. St. James hospital has a HRM department that is responsible for managing its human resources. The HRM department deals with: Recruitment of new employees The HRM department conducts interviews for prospective candidates and hires them to promote the best interest of the society. This section determines the functioning of the entire organization in terms of human labor and intelligence advice in decision-making. The department also deals with appraising and rewarding employees for their work. Employee Development and Training Matters concerned with employee training and development activities are handled by the HR department. HRM facilitates workshops and seminars that empower employees with more knowledge and skills to move the organization to its full capacity. Employee Relations and Conduct The department ha s a responsibility of dealing with problems that affect employees and hinder them from performing efficiently. Therefore, this department makes sure employees maintain discipline in their profession. This makes sure that all policies governing the organization are observed and enforced. Creating and Implementing Policies The HR department has a duty to review company policies, amend changes and proposes the adoption of new policies that cater for the demands and growth of an organization. These policies make sure that organizational goals are achieved, and promote the interests of the company and safeguard interests of employees.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Organizational Approaches to Human Resource Management All issues discussed above are relevant to the organization as regards to the functions of the HR department. The HR department acts as a strategic part ner towards the implementation of the organizations goals and objectives. The organization employs the use of strategic HRM to meet its goals. The concerns of the organization are competitiveness, flexibility, efficiency and integration. To do this, the HR department will, provide the organization with a competitive, responsive, flexible and efficient personnel environment. Application of an effective strategy in HRM enables the organization improve its competition and efficiency. In that case, HRM is concerned with factors that affect the organization internally. Strategic Human Resource Management Human resource management strategies are important sources of competition among organizations (Pfeffer 1994). The strengths of strategic HRM are on the actions implemented by organizations to single themselves out from their competitors (Purcell 1999). It involves complementing HRM policies into organizational strategies to achieve a common goal. Strategic HRM concerns itself with issues relating to changes in organizations structures and culture to improve performance. Strategic HRM deals with human resources, their development and abilities to be efficient and effective. Deb (2006, p. 54) notes that strategic HRM builds ‘high performance human resource management functions’. Human resource functions add value to organizations core business ideas. Strategic HRM also makes sure that business strategies and human resources support implementation of the organizations’ goals towards achievement of better results. In strategic management, HRM acts as a strategic partner towards the achievement of organizational goals and objectives. One of the major functions of HRM in strategic human resource management is establishing high performance practices. To accomplish this, the HR department makes sure that there is quality and qualified human resource powers to enable an organization achieve desired goals. Strategic HRM emphasizes on maintenance of mutual commitment between all parties involved (Walton 1985).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Linking Human Resource Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Strategic HRM is geared towards the provision of results and is associated with high productivity rates and notable financial outcomes (Ichiniowski 1990). High productivity is achieved when organizational strategies are met. Therefore, this entails the application of strategic HRM techniques that involve the introduction of a qualified working human resource force to complete set tasks. Linking Human Resource Management and Organizational Strategy Deb (2006, p. 55) identifies a ‘positive link between sets of human resource management practices and business performance.’ He employs universalistic, contingency and configuration approaches to organizational performance. His analysis yields positive organizational outcomes characterized by quality, servic e and productivity (Deb 2006). HRM can be linked to organizational strategy through the following ways. Regenerating an Organization HRM re-generates the performance of an organization through the employment of various HR techniques and practices that harmonize work ethics and organizational cultures. Techniques used include the setting of human hierarchy, introducing information technology, re-generating policies and centralizing decision making processes. Creating a positive learning environment Strategic HRM creates formal and informal learning environments in the workplace. Deb (2006, p. 56) notes that strategic HRM ‘develops action plans for transferring learning to the organization.’ Strategic HRM brings together intelligence and cultivates ways having its input to the system. To accomplish this, organizations nurture human talent leading to the creation of a learning environment that breeds innovation hence enhances competition. Creating high-performance manageme nt Strategic HRM creates a high performance management by applying the use of HR management practices. To accomplish this, the HR department employs recruitment and selection processes and offer periodical relevant training. The HR department also strives to make sure the handling of human resource is managed professionally. High performance management is also the self-regulation of individual behaviors in relations to the organization (Wood 1996). Creating high-involvement management The link between HRM and organizational strategies pops out when the overall management partners with its human labor. Therefore, management is achieved creation of a dialogue environment between the management and human labor.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Examples Case 1: Employment of business leaders in Martin Company Martin Company needs marketers to market its new products. They have targets to meet by the end of the year. They seek the services of a HRM agency to hire business leaders on their behalf. In business leadership, consensus highly depends on the HR leadership. Strategic HRM identifies key human resource services to offer to the business. This includes material and personnel support. The HR department designs strategic services and policies to meet strategic objectives laid down by the business. Strategic HRM is positioned to meet business needs due to its experience in the economic system. Business leadership in this sense requires HRM services. In cases that there is no application of HRM, the recruitment of personnel qualified to carry specified tasks may not be attained. This would lead to partial or lack of positive outcomes in business objectives. Case 2: Employment of Nurses at King James Hospital Two years ago, King James Hospital lacked personnel. The management decided to carry out direct interviews and employ the missing personnel. After one month, patients started complaining of poor services. In that case, the hospital management did not seek HRM services to recruit personnel. As a result, unqualified personnel were recruited, and services were poor. In service provision, the use of HRM technique to achieve strategic objectives is important. Service provision requires experienced personnel to handle client’s needs. A qualified and productive workforce would achieve the specified strategic objectives. This would employ the use of HRM services for recruiting. When HRM is not utilized, then the service provision is below average, and poor outcomes are recorded Conclusion Business challenges in this vigorous economy are forcing organizations to reposition functions of the HR department. Business leadership is becoming more depended on strategic leadership acquitted from HR. The dr iving force behind notable business achievements is through support from human resources. A strong link exists between HRM and Organizational Strategy. The link should be build up for the achievement of better results in organizational management. So far, this paper has analyzed the roles of HRM, strategic HRM and has established a link between HRM and organizational strategy. List of References Deb, T 2006, Strategic approach to Human Resource Management, Atlantic Publishers, India, New Delhi. Ichniowski, C 1990, Manufacturing businesses. NBER working paper, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge. Pfeffer, J 1994, Competitive advantage through people. Harvard Business School Press, Boston. Purcell, J 2006, ‘Best practice and best fit: cimera or cul-de-sac?’, Human Resource Management Journal, Vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 26–41. Walton, R 1985, ‘From control to commitment in the workplace’, Harvard Business Review, Vol. 63 no. 2, pp. 76- 84 Wood, S 19 96, ‘High commitment management and payment systems’, Journal of Management Studies, Vol. 33, no.1, pp. 53–77.

Best custom ROMs for Redmi Note 4

Best custom ROMs for Redmi Note 4 This article is dedicated to all those tech savvy people out there who want to know which all are the best custom ROMs available out there for the latest device from Redmi, the Redmi Note 4. With great processing power and exquisite features, this is one of those devices that can be tweaked by users to utilize its maximum potential. Installing Custom ROMs is one of the best and easiest ways to make your mobile phone work much better than how it does in stock ROM. Installing custom ROMs allows you to have much more features than the company provides and also helps to provide a smoother and better interface. Here, we are listing some of the best Custom ROMs for the REDMINOTE 4, the latest entrant in the smart phone market. LineageOSIf you are already familiar with custom ROMs, chances are that you have already heard about the CyanogenMod. LineageOS was introduced right after CyanogenMod had announced that they have stopped all their services and development. The Lineage 14.1 ROMlooks somewhat similar to the CyanogenMod Oss and their performance too are quite similar to those from CM ( quite good ). TheLineage 14.1 is based on the Android 7.1 Nougat and thus allows the users to get all the features that Nougat produces on a device that run son Android Marshmallow! Cyanogen Mod 13Even though CM has stopped all their services, CM13 is still available online. Based out of Android Marshmallow, the CM13 is one of the fastest, smoothest and most user friendly custom ROMs out there. With features that gives its customers a lot of customization options it is probably the best custom ROM out there if you like the Marshmallow basic features. Resurrection Remix When you look for new Custom ROMs, stability of the OS is something you have to be wary of because there are a lot of custom ROMs out there that are not stable. This is exactly where the Resurrection Remixscores maximum points. With a very stable and user friendly user interface this is a good custom ROM. Combined with this is the fact that it has a very intimidating look that is easily customizable. The fact that they have combined the best features from various Custom ROMs has made this one of the best custom ROMs out there. Dirty Unicorns Like most other user friendly custom ROMs available in the market. Latest version of the Dirty Unicorns available out there right now is the10.4. The simple features that can be tweaked according to personal tastes quite easily make it popular among custom ROM lovers. Definitely worth a try if simple User Interface is what you are looking for. XenonHD If you are one of those people who think performance of a device is the most important aspect, look no further. This is one of the most lightweight and ultra fast custom ROMs available! With simple features that keeps the ROM simple, the XenonHD is quite attractive. Even though the ROM is simple and lightweight make no mistake as this has an easy to customize User Interface with various options for the same. PAC-MAN ROM Like the name suggests, this is an extremely fun to use ROM that provides features which makes the user experience quite good. The ROM seems to be very stable and bug free which makes it very attractive! MIUI ROM The MIUI custom ROM has been developed by the developers team from MI who knows quite well that not everyone uses stock ROMs. They have been constantly providing stable, user friendly and exciting custom ROMs on a constant basis. With an attractive user interface and lot of features to play with, this is a very attractive custom ROM and is definitely worth the try.

Advanced Nursing Role Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Advanced Nursing Role - Essay Example n FNP is an educated professional possessing a Masters Degree in Nursing and credentials as per the state board of nursing or national certification offered by several agencies i.e. American Academy of Nurse Practitioners. From this education, the FNP provides ample medical care to children and adults. Depending on the setting, the degree of independence for an FNP varies. This means that an FNP at times may work together with a physician and at other times completely independent of a physician. According to Poghosyan et al., (2013) independent advanced nurses produce impeccable results in the workforce, promoting ideal practice and services (p. 325-334). The role and other medical duties of the FNP range as per the state of the licensure. Below are the roles of an FNP as discussed by Poghosyan et al., (2013); Hansen-Turton et al., (2009); Jones et al., (2011) The nurse practitioner provides direct health care services. An FNP gets health histories of patients as well as performs the necessary physical examinations. Moreover, this health practitioner also performs functional, development, and psychosocial assessment. The FNP has the capability of interpreting any medical situation. An FNP also has the role of performing minor surgery or procedure for any age group. These duties outline the role of health promotion, disease prevention, health protection, and treatment (Hansen-Turton et al., 2009). An FNP’s duty is to diagnose and develop a management plan for chronic such as HTN, diabetes, asthma and acute conditions such as cardiac diseases and neuromuscular conditions as well as monitor the patient’s response (Poghosyan et al., 2013). An FNP has the power to order and interpret any diagnostic study, and come up with a therapeutic plan. This is inclusive of prescribing medications as per the given case study. However, the prescription of medication is dependent as per state regulation. An FNP ought to handle situations well in the achievement of improved